Conditions Library
A comprehensive, evidence-based guide to psychiatric conditions
Each entry covers causes, brain mechanisms, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, medications, psychotherapy, lifestyle advice, prognosis, family guidance and frequently asked questions. This library is being expanded continuously — new conditions are added regularly.
Conditions at a Glance
A quick-reference summary of every condition in this library — category, a key symptom and the primary treatment approach.
| Condition | Category | Key Symptom | Primary Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) | Anxiety Disorders | Excessive worry about multiple things (work, health, family, finances) most days for 6+ months | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) |
| Panic Disorder | Anxiety Disorders | Sudden surge of intense fear or discomfort peaking within minutes | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) |
| Panic Attacks | Anxiety Disorders | Racing or pounding heartbeat | Psychoeducation |
| Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia) | Anxiety Disorders | Intense fear of speaking, performing, or eating in front of others | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (individual or group) |
| Agoraphobia | Anxiety Disorders | Avoiding buses, trains, planes, or driving long distances | Graded exposure therapy |
| Specific Phobias | Anxiety Disorders | Immediate, intense fear or anxiety on exposure to the specific object or situation | In vivo (real-life) graded exposure |
| Separation Anxiety Disorder | Anxiety Disorders | Recurrent, excessive distress when separation from home or attachment figures occurs or is anticipated | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
| Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) | Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders | Contamination obsessions (fear of germs, dirt, illness) with washing or cleaning compulsions | Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) |
| Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) | Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders | Preoccupation with perceived flaws in skin, hair, nose, or other features | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for BDD |
| Hoarding Disorder | Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders | Persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions regardless of value | Specialized CBT for hoarding |
| Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder) | Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders | Recurrent pulling of hair from the scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, or other body areas | Habit Reversal Training (HRT) |
| Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder | Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders | Recurrent picking at skin, most commonly the face, arms, or hands | Habit Reversal Training (HRT) |
| Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) | Depressive Disorders | Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) |
| Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia) | Depressive Disorders | Chronic low mood present most of the day, more days than not | Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) |
| Postpartum Depression | Depressive Disorders | Persistent sadness or low mood beyond the first two weeks after delivery | Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) |
| Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) | Depressive Disorders | Winter pattern (most common): low mood, low energy and fatigue, increased sleep (hypersomnia), increased appetite with carbohydrate cravings, weight gain, and social withdrawal | Light therapy (bright light box) |
| Bipolar I Disorder | Bipolar and Related Disorders | Manic episode: elevated, expansive, or irritable mood with high energy | Psychoeducation |
| Bipolar II Disorder | Bipolar and Related Disorders | Hypomanic episode: elevated, expansive, or irritable mood with increased energy | Psychoeducation |
| Cyclothymic Disorder (Cyclothymia) | Bipolar and Related Disorders | Numerous periods resembling hypomania — elevated mood, increased energy, decreased need for sleep — but not lasting the full four days or reaching full severity | Psychoeducation |
| Schizophrenia | Psychotic Disorders | Hallucinations, most commonly auditory (hearing voices) | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) |
| Schizoaffective Disorder | Psychotic Disorders | Psychotic symptoms: hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech or behavior | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for psychosis |
| Brief Psychotic Disorder | Psychotic Disorders | Sudden onset of delusions and/or hallucinations | Supportive psychotherapy |
| Delusional Disorder | Psychotic Disorders | Persecutory delusions (belief of being conspired against, followed, or harmed) — the most common subtype | Supportive psychotherapy |
| Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) | Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders | Intrusive distressing memories, flashbacks, or nightmares of the traumatic event | Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
| Acute Stress Disorder | Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders | Intrusive memories, flashbacks, or nightmares of the trauma | Trauma-focused CBT |
| Complex PTSD | Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders | Core PTSD symptoms: re-experiencing, avoidance, hypervigilance and a persistent sense of current threat | Phase-based trauma treatment |
| Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) | Neurodevelopmental Disorders | Difficulty sustaining attention on tasks or activities | Behavioral parent training |
| Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) | Neurodevelopmental Disorders | Reduced social-emotional reciprocity, such as difficulty with back-and-forth conversation or reduced sharing of interests and emotions | Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) |
| Intellectual Disability (Intellectual Developmental Disorder) | Neurodevelopmental Disorders | Below-average intellectual functioning affecting reasoning, problem-solving, and abstract thinking | Early intervention services |
| Specific Learning Disorder | Neurodevelopmental Disorders | Inaccurate, slow, or effortful word reading | Structured literacy / evidence-based reading intervention |
| Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) | Personality Disorders | Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment | Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) |
| Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) | Personality Disorders | Grandiose sense of self-importance | Transference-Focused Psychotherapy (TFP) |
| Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) | Personality Disorders | Repeated unlawful behavior | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for specific problem behaviors |
| Avoidant Personality Disorder (AVPD) | Personality Disorders | Avoidance of jobs or activities involving significant interpersonal contact | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
| Insomnia Disorder | Sleep-Wake Disorders | Difficulty falling asleep (sleep-onset insomnia) | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) |
| Parasomnias | Sleep-Wake Disorders | Sleepwalking: rising from bed and walking with a blank, unresponsive expression, sometimes performing complex behaviors, difficult to awaken, no memory of the episode | Image Rehearsal Therapy |
| Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders | Sleep-Wake Disorders | Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase: difficulty falling asleep until very late, difficulty waking for early obligations, but normal sleep quality if allowed to sleep on a preferred schedule | Chronotherapy |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | Substance Use and Addictive Disorders | Drinking more or for longer than intended | Motivational Interviewing |
| Nicotine Dependence (Tobacco Use Disorder) | Substance Use and Addictive Disorders | Strong urges or cravings to use tobacco | Behavioral/cessation counseling |
| Cannabis Use Disorder | Substance Use and Addictive Disorders | Strong cravings for cannabis | Motivational Enhancement Therapy |
| Opioid Use Disorder | Substance Use and Addictive Disorders | Strong cravings for opioids | Contingency management |
| Internet Addiction (Problematic Internet Use) | Substance Use and Addictive Disorders | Preoccupation with internet use, thinking about previous or anticipated online activity | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy adapted for internet/technology use |
| Gaming Disorder | Substance Use and Addictive Disorders | Impaired control over gaming — unable to reduce or stop despite attempts, or unable to limit session duration as intended | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy adapted for gaming behavior |
| Suicide Prevention and Crisis Support | Suicide Prevention and Crisis Support | Talking about wanting to die or wishing to not exist | Safety Planning Intervention |
| Anorexia Nervosa | Eating Disorders | Persistent restriction of food intake leading to significantly low body weight for age, sex, and developmental context | Family-Based Treatment (FBT / Maudsley approach) |
| Bulimia Nervosa | Eating Disorders | Recurrent binge eating episodes with a sense of loss of control | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Eating Disorders (CBT-E) |
| Binge Eating Disorder | Eating Disorders | Recurrent binge eating episodes with a sense of loss of control | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Eating Disorders (CBT-E) |
| Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) | Eating Disorders | Significantly limited range of accepted foods, often based on texture, color, brand, or presentation | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy adapted for ARFID (CBT-AR) |
| Somatic Symptom Disorder | Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders | One or more persistent physical symptoms — pain, fatigue, gastrointestinal complaints, or others — causing distress or functional impairment | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
| Illness Anxiety Disorder | Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders | Persistent preoccupation with having or developing a serious illness | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
| Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder) | Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders | Weakness or paralysis of a limb or body part | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy adapted for functional neurological symptoms |
| Factitious Disorder | Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders | Presenting fabricated, exaggerated, or self-induced physical or psychological symptoms | Psychotherapy addressing underlying psychological needs |
| Delirium | Psychiatric Emergencies | Sudden onset of confusion and disorientation to time, place, or person | Reorientation strategies |
| Serotonin Syndrome | Psychiatric Emergencies | Mild: tremor, restlessness, diarrhea, sweating, mild increase in heart rate | Not applicable to the acute medical emergency itself |
| Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) | Psychiatric Emergencies | Severe, generalized muscle rigidity, often described as 'lead-pipe' rigidity | Not applicable to the acute medical emergency |
| Acute Agitation and Behavioral Emergency | Psychiatric Emergencies | Restlessness, pacing, and inability to sit still | De-escalation and calm communication techniques |
| Erectile Dysfunction (ED) | Sexual Dysfunctions | Difficulty achieving an erection sufficient for penetration | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) |
| Premature Ejaculation (PE) | Sexual Dysfunctions | Ejaculation consistently occurring sooner than desired during partnered sex | Stop-start technique |
| Anger Management & Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED) | Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders | Recurrent outbursts of anger, verbal aggression, or physical aggression toward people, animals, or property | CBT-based anger management counseling |
| Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder | Dissociative Disorders | Feeling detached from your own thoughts, feelings, body, or actions, as though observing yourself from outside or watching a movie of your own life | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) adapted for dissociative symptoms |
| Migraine & Tension-Type Headache | Headache Disorders | Migraine: moderate-to-severe, often one-sided, throbbing headache lasting hours to a few days | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for chronic pain and headache |
| Major Neurocognitive Disorder (Dementia) | Neurocognitive Disorders | Progressive memory loss that disrupts daily life, particularly for recent events | Cognitive stimulation therapy |
| Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) | Neurocognitive Disorders | Noticeably more forgetful than before, such as misplacing items more often or repeating questions | Cognitive rehabilitation strategies |
| Postpartum Psychosis | Psychiatric Emergencies | Rapid onset of confusion or disorientation within days to a few weeks of delivery | Structured family involvement and psychoeducation |
| Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) | Depressive Disorders | Marked mood swings (suddenly feeling sad, tearful, or sensitive to rejection) | Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) |
| Gambling Disorder | Substance Use and Addictive Disorders | Preoccupation with gambling — reliving past experiences, planning the next gambling episode, or thinking about ways to get money to gamble | Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) |
| Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) | Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders | Frequently loses temper | Parent management training / behavioural parent training |
| Conduct Disorder | Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders | Bullies, threatens or intimidates others | Parent management training and family therapy |
| Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) | Personality Disorders | Preoccupation with details, rules, lists, order or schedules to the extent the main point of an activity is lost | Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) |
Anxiety Disorders
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Excessive, hard-to-control worry about everyday events, lasting months, with physical symptoms like restlessness, muscle tension and poor sleep.
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Panic Disorder
Recurrent, unexpected panic attacks combined with persistent worry about future attacks or their consequences, often leading to avoidance behavior.
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Panic Attacks
A sudden surge of intense fear with physical symptoms peaking within minutes — can occur as an isolated event, or as part of panic disorder or another anxiety condition.
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Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)
Persistent, intense fear of social or performance situations driven by fear of negative judgment, embarrassment, or humiliation.
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Agoraphobia
Fear or avoidance of situations where escape might be difficult or help unavailable if panic-like symptoms occur — such as public transport, crowds, or being outside alone.
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Specific Phobias
A marked, persistent fear of a particular object or situation — such as animals, heights, injections, or flying — that is disproportionate to the actual danger involved.
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Separation Anxiety Disorder
Developmentally excessive fear or anxiety about separation from attachment figures — can affect children and, less commonly, persist into or begin in adulthood.
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Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Intrusive, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) that cause intense anxiety, temporarily relieved by repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions).
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Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)
Preoccupation with perceived flaws in physical appearance that are not observable or appear only slight to others, driving repetitive checking, grooming, or reassurance-seeking behaviors.
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Hoarding Disorder
Persistent difficulty discarding possessions regardless of their actual value, due to a strong urge to save items and distress at the thought of parting with them.
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Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder)
Recurrent pulling out of one's own hair, resulting in noticeable hair loss, despite repeated attempts to stop.
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Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder
Recurrent picking at one's own skin resulting in lesions, despite repeated attempts to decrease or stop the behavior.
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Depressive Disorders
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Persistent low mood and/or loss of interest lasting two weeks or more, with physical and cognitive symptoms that significantly affect daily functioning.
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Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)
A chronic, lower-grade depressed mood lasting two years or more, often so long-standing that people mistake it for their personality rather than a treatable illness.
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Postpartum Depression
A depressive episode occurring during pregnancy or in the weeks to months after childbirth — more severe and longer-lasting than the common 'baby blues.'
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Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
Recurrent depressive episodes that follow a seasonal pattern, most commonly beginning in fall or winter and resolving by spring, linked to reduced sunlight exposure.
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Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
A severe, cyclical mood disorder tied to the menstrual cycle — how it differs from ordinary PMS, why it is under-recognised, and the tracking-based diagnosis and treatment approaches that bring real relief.
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Bipolar and Related Disorders
Bipolar I Disorder
Defined by at least one full manic episode — a sustained period of elevated or irritable mood, high energy, and impaired judgment — usually alongside episodes of depression.
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Bipolar II Disorder
Defined by at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode, without ever experiencing a full manic episode — often misdiagnosed as unipolar depression.
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Cyclothymic Disorder (Cyclothymia)
A chronic pattern of fluctuating hypomanic-like and depressive-like mood symptoms that never quite meet the full threshold for a hypomanic or major depressive episode.
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Psychotic Disorders
Schizophrenia
A chronic psychotic disorder involving hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, reduced emotional expression, and cognitive difficulties that affect daily functioning.
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Schizoaffective Disorder
A condition combining features of schizophrenia (psychosis) with a major mood disorder (depression or mania), with psychotic symptoms also occurring independently of mood episodes.
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Brief Psychotic Disorder
A sudden onset of psychotic symptoms lasting at least one day but less than one month, with an eventual full return to normal functioning — often triggered by significant stress.
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Delusional Disorder
One or more fixed, false beliefs lasting a month or longer, without the broader psychotic symptoms or functional decline seen in schizophrenia.
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Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Persistent intrusive memories, avoidance, negative changes in mood and thinking, and heightened arousal following exposure to a traumatic event.
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Acute Stress Disorder
A PTSD-like symptom pattern — intrusion, dissociation, avoidance, negative mood, and arousal — occurring in the first month after a traumatic event.
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Complex PTSD
Develops after prolonged, repeated, inescapable trauma — combining core PTSD symptoms with severe emotion dysregulation, a persistently negative self-concept, and lasting relationship difficulties.
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Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
A persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning, beginning in childhood and often continuing into adulthood.
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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
A neurodevelopmental condition involving persistent differences in social communication and interaction, combined with restricted or repetitive patterns of behavior and interests.
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Intellectual Disability (Intellectual Developmental Disorder)
A neurodevelopmental disorder involving deficits in both intellectual functioning and adaptive skills for daily independence, with onset during the developmental period.
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Specific Learning Disorder
Persistent difficulty learning or using specific academic skills — reading, written expression, or mathematics — despite adequate intelligence, instruction, and opportunity.
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Personality Disorders
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)
A pervasive pattern of instability in relationships, self-image, and emotions, with marked impulsivity, beginning by early adulthood — highly treatable despite historical stigma.
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Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD)
A pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy, often masking underlying fragile self-esteem and intense sensitivity to criticism.
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Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD)
A pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, beginning in childhood conduct problems and continuing into adulthood.
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Avoidant Personality Disorder (AVPD)
A pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation, beginning by early adulthood.
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Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)
A lifelong pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism and control that interferes with flexibility and relationships — how it differs from OCD despite the similar name, and the therapy approaches that help.
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Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders
Anger Management & Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)
Recurrent, out-of-proportion outbursts of anger or aggression reflecting a failure to control aggressive impulses — and, more broadly, structured counseling support for anger that is damaging relationships, work, or wellbeing.
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
A persistent pattern of angry, defiant and argumentative behaviour toward authority figures in children and teenagers — how it differs from normal developmental defiance, and the family-focused approaches that work best.
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Conduct Disorder
A repetitive pattern of behaviour in children and adolescents that seriously violates the rights of others or age-appropriate social norms — aggression, destruction, deceit or serious rule-breaking — and the structured, family-involved treatment that improves outcomes.
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Sleep-Wake Disorders
Insomnia Disorder
Persistent difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking too early, despite adequate opportunity for sleep, causing significant distress or daytime impairment.
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Parasomnias
A group of sleep disorders involving abnormal behaviors or experiences during sleep, sleep transitions, or arousal — including sleepwalking, sleep terrors, and REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.
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Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders
A group of sleep disorders caused by a mismatch between a person's internal biological clock and the sleep-wake schedule required by their environment, work, or social obligations.
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Substance Use and Addictive Disorders
Alcohol Use Disorder
A problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to significant distress or impairment, ranging from mild to severe based on the number of features present.
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Nicotine Dependence (Tobacco Use Disorder)
A problematic pattern of tobacco or nicotine use leading to significant impairment or distress — one of the most common and lethal substance use disorders globally.
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Cannabis Use Disorder
A problematic pattern of cannabis use leading to significant impairment or distress — an increasingly relevant concern given rising cannabis potency and adolescent use.
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Opioid Use Disorder
A problematic pattern of opioid use — prescription painkillers, heroin, or synthetic opioids like fentanyl — carrying a high risk of overdose death.
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Internet Addiction (Problematic Internet Use)
A pattern of excessive, compulsive internet use causing significant impairment in daily functioning, relationships, work, or academic performance.
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Gaming Disorder
A pattern of impaired control over gaming, with gaming increasingly prioritized over other life activities and continuing despite negative consequences.
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Gambling Disorder
A behavioural addiction involving persistent, problematic gambling that continues despite serious financial, relationship and personal harm — recognised warning signs, and why it shares treatment approaches with substance addictions.
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Neurocognitive Disorders
Major Neurocognitive Disorder (Dementia)
A progressive decline in memory, thinking and daily functioning severe enough to affect independence — causes, warning signs, diagnosis, and how medication, structured routines and family support are used to manage symptoms and plan ahead.
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Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)
A noticeable decline in memory or thinking that is greater than expected for age but does not yet significantly affect independence — what raises or lowers the risk of progression to dementia, and how it is monitored and managed.
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Eating Disorders
Anorexia Nervosa
Persistent restriction of food intake leading to significantly low body weight, intense fear of weight gain, and a distorted body image — carrying serious medical risk.
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Bulimia Nervosa
Recurrent binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain — often at a normal or above-average body weight, but no less medically serious.
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Binge Eating Disorder
Recurrent episodes of eating an unusually large amount of food with a sense of loss of control, without the compensatory behaviors seen in bulimia — the most common eating disorder.
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Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)
An eating disturbance causing significant nutritional or growth impact, driven by sensory sensitivity, low interest in eating, or fear of aversive consequences — without body image disturbance.
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Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
Somatic Symptom Disorder
One or more distressing physical symptoms accompanied by excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors about those symptoms — regardless of whether a medical cause is found.
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Illness Anxiety Disorder
Preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness, with minimal or no actual physical symptoms — the anxiety itself, not the symptom burden, is the central feature.
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Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder)
Neurological symptoms — weakness, abnormal movements, non-epileptic seizures, or sensory changes — that are genuine and involuntary but incompatible with recognized neurological disease.
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Factitious Disorder
Intentional falsification or induction of illness or injury without an obvious external reward — either imposed on oneself, or, more seriously, imposed on a dependent such as a child.
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Sexual Dysfunctions
Erectile Dysfunction (ED)
Persistent difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual activity, arising from psychological factors, medication side effects, or underlying physical illness.
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Premature Ejaculation (PE)
Ejaculation that consistently happens sooner than a man wishes during partnered sexual activity, causing distress — strongly linked to performance anxiety and often very responsive to treatment.
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Psychiatric Emergencies
Delirium
An acute, fluctuating disturbance in attention and awareness developing over hours to days, usually caused by an underlying medical problem — a medical emergency requiring urgent evaluation.
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Serotonin Syndrome
A potentially life-threatening reaction to excess serotonin activity, usually from combining serotonergic medications — requires immediate recognition and treatment.
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Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)
A rare but life-threatening reaction to antipsychotic medications, causing severe muscle rigidity, high fever, and autonomic instability — a medical emergency.
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Acute Agitation and Behavioral Emergency
Escalating restlessness, irritability, and unpredictable behavior that can pose a risk to safety — resulting from psychiatric, medical, or substance-related causes.
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Postpartum Psychosis
A rare but severe psychiatric emergency that can develop within days to weeks of childbirth, with rapid-onset confusion, mood swings, delusions or hallucinations — why it requires urgent treatment, and how it differs from the more common postpartum depression.
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